How Does Poverty Affect Crime?

How Does privation Affect Crime?LITERATURE REVIEW there is no question about it pauperization is a problem across the globe. Furthermore, in most parts of the world evil is also a concern. However the interpretation that poverty causes iniquity has been researched for centuries and yet no unequivocal answer has been discovered. Is there a relationship mingled with these variables? Can your access codeible class regularise the crime you commit? Within this topic, three profound common approximations are repeatedly mentioned. They are as followed first the single out neighbor lubbers, second miserable opportunity and brotherly disorganization, and thirdly unemployment. This literature follow aims to shine light of plausible evidence that formulates and supports the question of how does poverty stoop criminal activity?The first theme that batch be explored at bottom researching this relationship between poverty and crime is discriminate neighbourhoods. This is a r e-occurring theme amongst researchers on explaining how poverty influences crime. Current research has shown that common factors influence an one-on-ones involvement in criminal activity. In a consume that aimed to measure disfavour neighbourhoods with the likelihood of criminal conduct, the results suggested that because families and individuals are inhibited in their residential selections, it may lead to raging delinquency (Decoster 735). some other opinion of the read emphasizes how those who receive public assistance or families who are headed by adults that only give birth a high school degree or less, are also likely to be involved in violent and criminal conduct (Decoster 736).In retrospect, poverty, in the form of a disadvantaged and/or disorganized neighbourhood, according to multiple studies is a huge potent factor to the presence of violent and criminal behaviour amongst individuals and communities. So now, in spite of appearance these disadvantaged neighbour hoods an aspect that truly highlights the theme is neglecting the child. This aspect in chivalric research has described that child neglect is completely associated with poverty (Nikulina 309). From this I deduce that the up- catching of a child in low-income neighborhoods can affect crime.Another example of how disadvantaged neighbourhoods can influence crime is policing practices. Whether it is purposely punish or accidently performed, there seems to always be a disparity amongst arrests between individuals of upper-class neighbourhoods and those of lower-class neighbourhoods. Thus, the targeting of poverty reddened neighbourhoods can heavily influence criminal activity. Studies that empirically support my argument of police targeting which effects criminal activity can be understood when reviewing the study done by David Kirk. He examined the relationship between concentrated poverty and ethnically central neighbourhoods. The results of his study expresses that concentrated po verty does influence arrest totals (Kirk 73).However, the theme of disadvantaged neighbourhoods to explaining how poverty influences crime has its confinements. Majority of its research and empirical data overlooks the societal context and the impression of the club by focusing on individuals that are affected by poverty. It is difficult to gather empirical data concerning a neighbourhood. For example, Decoster mentions that there study might have been dissimilar if they could have had access to communal level measures of kindly wealth, such as the densities of ties within neighbourhoods and pervasiveness of collective supervision (740). So how can future studies incorporate a communal context rather than an individual context? Decoster attempts to answer this question by suggesting that families and communities sometimes feel obligated to indorse social ties for the good of the community and not for external resources (741). Therefore, focusing on these social ties can bring to light a more societal context of how poverty can influence crime.The second common theme that can be draw out from these scholarly articles in analyzing if poverty can influence crime is Social Disorganization and deplorable Opportunity. These themes have been prevalent in the articles and differently explain the link between poverty and crime. Individuals that are poor and do not have the means to provide for themselves might resort to love child ways to obtain these means. For example poverty can cause social business and disorganization within a community or an individual. Thus, this may encourage some individuals to turn to illegitimate ways to provide for themselves. Criminal opportunity theory claims that criminal behavior is encouraged by benignant rationality, it also distinguishes that rationality is restricted for the criminal. This means that their cost-benefit calculation is limited to the pitiful term and their immediate environment (Hannon 365). Poverty almost seems like a gateway for criminal activity because individuals reaffirm the idea that criminal behaviour is their only means of sustainability. In this capacity, poverty does influence crime.This argument of social disorganization and criminal opportunity as factors to why poverty influences crime does have some relation to childhood neglect. In a study that measured childhood neglect and childhood family poverty, these variables were significant predictors of criminal behaviour (Nikulina 315). If a child has been neglected from his childhood onward, then the likely hood of criminal behaviour is higher because the opportunities to commit these actions are present. However, the only limitation I can gather from these studies is that most of it examines the determinants of poverty rather than its consequences.A third theme that is seen when explaining the influence of poverty on crime is Unemployment. Obviously, the correlativity between poverty and unemployment is undeniable however the ways in which these articles explain the link to crime is not understandable. For example Luciano Mauro argues that economical growth factors into the standard of crime. I immediately seemed puzzled at this statement. I felt that if economic growth existed in communal regions than how does high unemployment persist? And since unemployment is substituted with economic growth, how does poverty exist? Mauro does however suggest that the empirical data confirms that Crime and unemployment have long-run income level effects (450) but it seems peculiar to how he finish up at that conclusion.To better comprehend this theme I began to postulate myself how does unemployment affect crime? The only answer I could think of referred affirm to the criminal opportunity theory. According to the criminal opportunity perspective, economic lack increases criminal motivation and ability by causing social strain and disorganization (Hannon 366). This seems to suggest that if someone produces high levels of poverty then you are most likely to use criminal activity to achieve your means. For example, in accordance with the theme of unemployment, if an individual or the majority of a neighbourhood is unemployed, then the chances of resorting to criminal behaviour are higher. However if you only experience low levels of poverty then the likelihood of resorting to criminal behaviour is low.ReferencesDe Coster, Stacy, Karen Heimer, and Stacy M. Wittrock. resemblance Disadvantage, Social Capital, Street Context, and Youth Violence.The Sociological Quarterly47.4 (2006) 723-53.ProQuest.Web. 26 Jan. 2014.Kirk, David S. THE NEIGHBORHOOD place setting OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC DISPARITIES IN ARREST*.Demography45.1 (2008) 55,63,65-67,69-71,73-77.ProQuest.Web. 26 Jan. 2014.Stretesky, Paul B., Amie M. Schuck, and Michael J. Hogan. piazza Matters An Analysis of Poverty, Poverty Clustering, and Violent Crime.Justice Quarterly21.4 (2004) 817-41.ProQuest.Web. 26 Jan. 2014.Nikulina, Valentin a, Cathy Spatz Widom, and Sally Czaja. The Role of puerility Neglect and Childhood Poverty in Predicting Mental Health, Academic performance and Crime in Adulthood.American daybook of confederacy Psychology48.3-4 (2011) 309-21.ProQuest.Web. 26 Jan. 2014.Vacha, Edward F., and T. F. McLaughlin. Risky Firearms doings in Low-Income Families of Elementary School Children The Impact of Poverty, Fear of Crime, and Crime victimization on Keeping and Storing Firearms.Journal of Family Violence19.3 (2004) 175-84.ProQuest.Web. 26 Jan. 2014.Berk, Richard A., Kenneth J. Lenihan, and Peter H. Rossi. Crime and Poverty about Experimental Evidence from Ex-Offenders.American Sociological Review45.5 (1980) 766-86.ProQuest.Web. 26 Jan. 2014.Mauro, Luciano, and Gaetano Carmeci. A Poverty restrict of Crime and Unemployment.Review of Development Economics11.3 (2007) 450-62.ProQuest.Web. 26 Jan. 2014.Savelsberg, Joachim J. The Perils of Federalism Race, Poverty, and the Politics of Crime Control.Con temporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews38.5 (2009) 423-4.ProQuest.Web. 26 Jan. 2014.Hannon, Lance. Criminal Opportunity Theory and the Relationship between Poverty and Property Crime.Sociological Spectrum22.3 (2002) 363-81.ProQuest.Web. 26 Jan. 2014.Lobao, Linda, and David Kraybill. Poverty and Local Governments Economic Development and Community Service Provision in an Era of Decentralization.Growth and Change40.3 (2009) 418-51.ProQuest.Web. 26 Jan. 2014.