The effect of Vitamin D3 supplementation on body fat mass in healthy, overweight and obese Saudi women

inquiry backgroundAs discover in European and North the Statesn communities, takes of obesity in the Saudi Arabian population are on the increase. The pestilent of obesity has been described as the fastest-growing frequent health challenge in a number of countries. The cost deductions alone from the preaching of people with obesity redeem ascribe a strain on the aesculapian services. One such example is promulgated in an American take in 2008, which showed that that$147 billion needs to be fagged every year in America for the management of obesity and obesity link up disease. This figure was double of what it was a ecstasy ago. fleshiness is a term utilize to indicate excessive deposition of flump in the ashes. As mentioned before, it is the most vernacular nutritional disorder in veritable countries, and is as well significantly insurrection in the developing countries such as Saudi Arabia. This can be testify from the data describe by the Saudi National N utrition Survey published on WHO (Health Journal, 2007). Recent studies have pitch the insufficient level of vitamin D in orotund people(Turner, et.al. 2013 Wortsman, et.al. 2000).Although the specific mechanism that results in this shortfall is not yet fully understood, but Turner, et.al. (2013) suggested that the deposition of vitamin D3 in soundbox expatiate compartments results decreased bioavailability of vitaminD3 from cutaneous and dietary sources. In addition, it has been proposed that intestinal absorption of vitamin D is reduced in patients with obesity (Wortsman, et.al. 2000). drop of absorption of vitamin D weakens the calcium metabolism in patients with obesity this in turn, affects the power of the thyroid secreters. Altered thyroid gland can no longer achieve its physiological roles, one of which is to activate vitamin D in the form.Moreover, studies have reported hapless level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in round adults and are linked to incre ased torso avoirdupois weight mass, suggesting the association betwixt get-go circulating concentrations of vitamin D metabolites and obesity. (Rock, et.al. 2012 Boqacka, et.al. 2011). Furtherto a greater extent, it has also been reported that after absorption in the intestine, the computer memory of vitamin D occurs in adipose and brawniness weave, which thusly slowly releases into the blood stream. soil in this storage system or pathway may result the insufficiency of vitamin D and may have an tinct in determining the level of bodys fat and adipose tissue (Salehpour, 2012). Hence, it is believed that the deficiency of vitamin D may wee obesity.Research aimsHaving reviewed the available literature in the subject, this research project is therefore aimed to analyse the military force of vitamin D3 supplementation in ruddy, gravid and orotund women of Saudi Arabia Investigate the government issue of vitamin D3 supplementation on body opus in overweight and heavy wo men of Saudi ArabiaThese aims were targeted with the views to providing evidence regarding the association surrounded by vitamin D supplements and obesity. Saudi population were given the preference as the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, as well as of diabetes in Saudi Arabian population is very gamey (Ardawi, et.al.2012).Research methodsFemale population between the ages of 18 and 50 set uping be studied. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled exertion, 2 groups will be randomly given a vitamin D3 supplement or a placebo (control group) for 12 weeks. Comparison of the levels of vitamin D3 in three diverse groups of people, healthy, overweight and obese will be done with an aim to measure its implication in these people.After this, analysis will be done measuring different factors that are associated with obesity.Inclusion and exclusion criteria Old, healthy, overweight and obese Saudi women participants with BMI ?25 kg/ and ages between 18-50 years will be include for th e study. Healthy participants will be unleash from metabolic bone disease, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, renal disease and will not be on anymedication, or vitamin supplements. , pregnant or lactating women will be excluded from the study. In addition, individuals with changes in body weight more than 3 kg within experience three months prior to the experiment will also be excluded from the study. Finally, the participants who follow the weight- dismission programs or are taking weight loss drugs and smoking will be excluded from the study.Research intentions To address the aims, this study is based upon the quest research intentions. These will betested in the laboratory. sound judgment of body fat mass and fat free mass by bioelectrical impedance analysis at baseline and closedown of study Assessment of energy and food for thought inhalations by 24h food recall and clear food frequency questionnaires, which will then be analyzed for nutrient intake Analysis of blood serum 25(OH)D and parathyroid gland hormone at baseline and hold on of study Measurement of vitamin D level in the participants blood to determine the sport in its level and its affect. Measurement of vitamin D levels of obese and healthy weight participants to ease up the difference in the level of vitamin D in these two groups of people. Measurement of vitamin D post digestion to determine the amount of ingested vitamin D to show their fluctuationsbefore and after ingestion in the participants of different groups.To conclude, the main aim of this study will be to investigate the effect of Vitamin D3 supplementation on body fat mass in healthy, overweight and obese Saudi women. The association between vitamin D deficiency and obesity is well established. Obesity still rest one of major health challenges. Despite of intense research, the exact get along of obesity still remains obscure. Both genetic and environmental factors have been reported to be associated with obes ity, but none of them completely illustrate the mechanism butt it. But recently, the link between vitamin D3 and obesity has gained some interest. Since obesity is associated with many morbid conditions including cancer and cardiovascular disease, unraveling the potent cause and mechanism of obesity will provide insights into the development of promising therapeutics for obesity and obesity related diseases. Also, in the future,ReferencesAlqurashi Khalid A, Aljabri Khalid S, BokhariSamia A. (2011) Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a Saudi community. Ann Saudi Med.311923.Ardawi MS, Sibiany AM, Bakhsh TM, Qari MH, Maimani AA. (2012) High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among healthy Saudi Arabian men relationship to bone mineral density, parathyroid hormone, bone turnover markers, and modus vivendi factors Osteoporos Int. 23(2)675-86.El Mouzan MI, Al Herbish AS, Al Salloum AA, Al Omar AA, Qurachi MM (2012) Regional variation in prevalence of overweight and obesity in Saudi chil dren and adolescents. Saudi J Gastroenterol, 18(2)129-32.Rock, CL, et.al.(2012). Obesity. cant over loss is associated with increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in overweight or obese women. 20(11), 2296-2301.Salehpour A, Hosseinpanah F, Shidfar F, Vafa M, Razaghi M, Dehghani S, Hoshiarrad A, Gohari M. A (2012) 12-week double-blind randomized clinical trial of vitamin D? supplementation on body fat mass in healthy overweight and obese women. Nutr J. 221178Turer, CD, Lin, H and Flores, G. (2013).Pediatrics. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among overweight and obese US children. 131(1), 152-161.Wortsman, J, et.al. (2000). American Society for Clinical Nutrition. lessen bioavailability of vitamin D in obesity. 72(3), 690-693.